Incandescent lamp.



J. DOORENBOS.

INGANDESGENT LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.23, 1911.

1,092,826. Patented Apr. 14, 1914,

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COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH CO..WASHXNGTON. D. C

J. DOORENBOS.

INGANDESGENT LAMP.

APPLICATION .IILED mums, 1911.

Patented Apr. 14, 1914.

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JACOB DOORENBOS, KALAIVIAZO O, MICHIGAN.

INCANDESCENT LAMP.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr, 14, 1914.

Application filed August 23, 1911. Serial No. 645,530.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JAooB DOORENBOS, a. citizen of the United States, residing at Kalamazoo, in the county of Kalamazoo and State of Michigan, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Incandescent Lamps, of which the following is a specification.

.My invention relates to improvement in the burner construction of a wick-feed, and,

more especially, mantle-incandescing lamp of the type wherein the oil raised by the. wick is first vaporized by heat from a subflame, and then mixed with air to promote I culiar construction and is operated only durits combustion at the burner-outlet.

My object is to provide certain improve 1 ments in the construction of that portion of the burner which produces the sub-flame, with a view to enhancing said flame and the consequent vaporization of oil atthe wick.

In the accompanying drawingswherein my present improvements are illustrated in connection with a lamp of a construction which is shown, described and claimed in an allowed application filed by me October 10, 1910, Serial No. 586,237-Figure 1 is a vertical section of the lamp showing the wick lowered; Fig. 2, an enlarged fragmentary section of the lower part of the burner-portion of the lamp, the section being at right angles to Fig. 1 and showing the wick raised; and Fig. 3, a plan-section taken on line 3 in Fig. 2.

The lamp-body, as it is herein illustrated, consists of the oil-font 5 having an integral base or stand-portion 6. Air to support the sub-flame and to mix with the oil-vapor enters altogether through an annular series of perforations 7 in the base, rising thence through the inner, center-draft, wick-tube 8 and outer-draft tube 9, both of which tubes extend through the font. The wick 10 is annular and is raised and lowered, by means of wick-lift mechanism 11, in the annular wick-space surrounding the tube 8 and bounded by the outer wick-tube 12. Resting upon the font is a cylindrical burner-casing 13 formed at its upper end into a nozzle 14 and having a shoulder-portion 15 to receive the chimney-gallery 16. Fitting over the outer wick-tube 12 is an outer burner-tube 17 perforated, as indicated, and terminating in the lower end-portion of the nozzle 14. The numeral 18 designates what I term a draft-head, which fits into the top of the inner wick-tube and supports the inner perforated burner-tube 19. The tube 19 is I closed at its top by a cap 20 terminating near the end of the nozzle 14. The annular space between the tubes 17, 19 forms the air and gas-mixing chamber 21 into the lower end of which the wick is raised when the lamp is in operation; and the cap 20 forms with the nozzle 14 an annular gradually reducing burner-outlet 22. The inner burner-tube is steadied by radial pins 28 which contact with the inner surface of the tube 17.

The numeral 24 designates a raising and lowering damper-device, which is of pe ing the period of initially heating the burner-structure and starting the lamp. As this damper-device has only indirect bearing upon the present invention, and is fully described and extensively illustrated in my aforesaid application, it is not thought necessary to describe its construction in detail in the present connection. It will suffice to say that when raised it uncovers openings 25 in the casing 13 and relatively large openings 26 in the lower part of the outer burner-tube, so that when the wick is initially raised slightly above the top of the wick-tubes, a match may be inserted from either side of the burner to ignite the top of the wick. The damper is left in this position to permit air from the outer draft to support combustion at the top of the wick until the structure is heated to the desired extent, after which the damper is lowered to the position indicated in the present figures to close the openings 25 and the lower rows of openings in the outer wick-tube.

My present improvement relates, more particularly, as before stated, to the means for maintaining a sub-flame while the lamp is in operation, whereby a comparatively large quantity of vapor will be generated to be mixed in the chamber 21 with air and discharged in large volume into the mantle 36, and the combustion of the mixture will render the mantle incandescent to an intense degree and substantially throughout. In the present construction the draft-head 18, surmount-ing the innerwick-tube 8, is imperforate, except at its flange or shoulder 28, at the lower end of the sleeve-portion 29 over which the inner burner-tube 19 fits. Beneath the shoulder 28 the draft-head has a circumferential concave surface 30, which is in the plane of the openings 26, and contributes toward causing the flame to creep rapidly around the wick when a match is applied through one of said openings to start initial heating of the structure. When the wick is raised to the position shown in Fig. 2 an annular recess or sub-flame chamber 31 is formed, of which the imperforate lower end-portion of the tube 19 forms the inner wall and the upper end-portion of the wick 10 the outer wall. The flange 28 which forms the base of the chamber 31 is provided with an annular series of perforations 33. lVhen the burner-parts adjacent to the upper end-portion of the wick have been initially heated by the flame from the wick, as before stated, and the damperdevice is lowered to the position shown in the figures, and the wick is raised to the position shown in Fig. 2, the only air supply entering beneath the level of the top of "the wick is through the perforations 33. The vapor in the then existing annular chamber 31 carbonizes the small streams of air rising through the perforations 33, which thus form jets of combustible gas which are at once ignited by the wick-flame, resulting in an annular series of flames of little greater cross-section than the openings 33. These flames may contact slightly with the wick and tube 19, but not to an extent which will materially char the inner surface of the wick. The sub-flame from the openings 33 is sufficiently intense to maint ain adjacent parts of the structure at the desired high temperature, and causes oil to be gasified at the wick from the top of the latter downward to at least'the tops of the inner and outer wick-tubes.

The volume of vapor is controlled by the height of the wick above the tops of the wick-tubes, thus permitting it to be easily regulated by raising and lowering the wick. The sub-flame jets, produced by the fine streams of air entering the body of hydrocarbon vapor through the sub-flame burneropenings 33, are small but very intense, and more effective for the purpose than when produced in any other manner of which I am aware. Another purpose of the 'concavity 30* is to reduce surface contact between the draft-head and wick, there being, in practice, always suflicient looseness between'the wick and the flange-portion 23 of the draft-head .to permit the vapor gen- Gopies of this patent may be obtained for erated at-the inner side of the wick below said shoulder to pass upward to? the subflame chamber 31 and mixing-chamber 21. The improvement effected by my present invent-ion is of decided benefit in operation, as is shown by the increased brilliancy of the mantle thereby produced.

The foregoing description is intended to convey a clear understanding of my improvements in what-I now believe to be the best form of their embodiment and no undue limitation should be understood therefrom. It is my intention to claim all that is novel in my invention and that the claims shall be construed as broadly as the prior state of the art may warrant.

What I regard as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In a burner of the character described, the combination of an air and vapor mixingchamber, an annular oil-feeding wick projecting, when raised, into the lower end of said chamber, and means for maintaining anannular series of sub-flames in the space bounded by the raised wick, for the pur poseset forth.

2. In a wick-feed burner of the character described, employing a tubular wick, an air and vapor mixing chamber into the lower end of which the wick projects, an annular sub-flame chamber in the lower part of the mixing-chamber, having an inner imperforate wall and an outer wall formed by the inner surface of the wick when raised, and a base provided with an air-admitting sub-flame burner set forth.

3. In a wick-feed burner of the character described, employing a tubular wick, an

opening, for the purpose.

annular air and vapor mixingechamber, into i the lower end of which the wick projects, having perforate inner and outer walls, an

annular sub-flame chamber in the lower part of the mixing-chamber, having an inner,

JACOB nooniiusosf In the presence of 7 WM. F. h IoNrAeUn, ARTHUR 0. Snow.

five cents each, by addressing the f Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0. 

